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Agapanthia cardui

 
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Subspecies
Some authors regard Agapanthia pannonica as a subspecies of the present species. This is not adopted here and no subspecies of Agapanthia cardui are recognized.


Synonyms
Agapanthia cardui (Linnaeus, 1767)
Agapanthia cardui cardui (Linnaeus, 1767)

The status of Agapanthia pannonica is debated. Most authors regard it as a synonym of the present species, and some authors accept it as a subspecies. However, there seem to be constant differences between the taxa regarding the morphology of the male copulatory organ. I therefore provisionally retain them here as two separate species.


Identification
Body length 6-14 mm.


Distribution


The distribution of Agapanthia cardui and Agapanthia pannonica is unclear. Many records of Agapanthia cardui in the literature may in fact refer to Agapanthia pannonica, because not all authors distinguish between the two taxa. On the other hand, reports of Agapanthia pannonica from Germany may all be misidentifications of Agapanthia cardui, because Agapanthia pannonica appears to be a southern European species that likely does not occur in Germany. The map only gives a tentative summary of the area with confirmed Agapanthia cardui records (red area) and the area with unclear reports of Agapanthia cardui (older records, unconfirmed or otherwise doubtful records etc.)(hatched area).


Biology
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