Lingua Aegyptia

Glossing Ancient Egyptian – Suggestions for Abbreviations

by Camilla Di Biase-Dyson, Frank Kammerzell & Daniel A. Werning
(see the article Glossing Ancient Egyptian. Suggestions for adapting the Leipzig Glossing Rules in the appendix of LingAeg 17)

This List is based on the corresponding list in the Leipzig Glossing Rules (version from Feb. 23rd, 2009). Additions are marked in bold; glosses defined in the Leipzig Glossing Rules not immediately relevant to Ancient Egyptian are given in brackets.

1	first person
1 S/1 P/1 D	(abbreviation:) 1 SG/1 PL/1 DU
2	second person
2 S/2 P/2 D	(abbreviation:) 2 SG/2 PL/2 DU
3	third person
3 S/3 P/3 D	(abbreviation:) 3 SG/3 PL/3 DU
(A	agent-like argument of a canonical transitive verb)
(ABL	ablative)
(ABS	absolutive)
ABSTR	abstract
(ACC	accusative)
APLI	accompli
ACT	active
ADJ	adjective
ADJZ	(adjectivizer/)adjectivization
ADV	adverb(ial)
ADVZ	(adverbializer/)adverbialization
AGR	agreement
AGT	agent marker
ALL	allative
ANT	anterior
ANTIP	antipassive
(APPL	applicative)
ART	article
ATTN	attention marker
AUX	auxiliary
(BEN	benefactive)
BS	base
CAUS	causative
CJVB	conjunctional verb
CLF	classifier (phonological)
CNSV	consecutive
CNJ	conjunction
COLL	collective
(COM	comitative)
COMP	complementizer
COMPL	completive
COND	conditional
(COP	copula)
CORD	coordinating particle
CVB	converb
D	(abbreviation after number:) DU
(DAT	dative)
DECL	declarative
DEF	definite
DEM	demonstrative
DET	determiner
DIST	distal
DISTR	distributive
DO	direct object
DU	dual
(DUR	durative)
(ERG	ergative)
(EXCL	exclusive)
EXLM	exclamative
F	feminine
FOC	focus
FOCZ	focalizer(/focalization)
FUT	future
(GEN	genitive)
GRND	ground
IAPLI	inaccompli
IMP	imperative
IMPRS	impersonal
(INCL	inclusive)
INCHO	inchoative
IND	indicative
INDF	indefinite
INF	infinitive
INS	instrumental
INTR	intransitive
IPFV	imperfective
IRR	irrealis
(LOC	locative)
M	masculine
MELL	mellic; compare PROS
MCM	main clause marker
MOD	modal
MODP	modal particle
(N	neuter)
N...	non- (e.g. npst non-past)
NEG	negation, negative
NMLZ	(nominalizer/)nominalization
(NOM	nominative)
OBJ	object
(OBL	oblique)
OBLV	obligative
ORD	ordinal number
(P	patient-like argument of canonical transitive verb)
P	(abbreviation after number:) pl
PA	(abbreviation:) PTCP. ACT
PALL	(abbreviation:) allative preposition
PASS	passive
PATT	(abbreviation:) attachment prepos.
PCOM	(abbreviation:) comitative prepos.
PDA	(abbreviation:) PTCP. DISTR. ACT
PDAT	(abbreviation:) dative preposition
PDP	(abbreviation:) PTCP. DISTR. PASS
PF	(abbreviation:) PTCP. FUT
PFV	perfective
PGEN	(abbreviation:) genitive preposition
PIA	(abbreviation:) PTCP. IPFV. ACT
PINF	(abbreviation:) inferior preposition
PINS	(abbreviation:) instrumental prepos.
PINT	(abbreviation:) interior preposition
PIP	(abbreviation:) PTCP. IPFV. PASS
PL	plural
POST	posterior
POSS	possessive
POT	potential
PP	(abbreviation:) PTCP. PASS
PPO	(abbreviation:) PTCP. POST
PRED	predicative
PREP	preposition
PRF	perfect
PROG	progressive
PROH	prohibitive
PROS	prospective
PROX	proximal/proximate
PRS	present
PST	past, preterite
PSUP	(abbreviation:) superior preposition
PTCP	participle
PTCL	particle
(PURP	purposive)
Q	question particle/marker
QUOT	quotative
(RECP	reciprocal)
REFL	reflexive
REL	relative
RES	resultative
(S	single argument of canonical intransitive verb)
S	(abbreviation after number:) SG
SBJ	subject
SBJV	subjunctive
SBRD	subordinating particle
SIM	simultaneous; Relative tense
SP	sentence particle
SG	singular
STABS	status absolutus
STAT	stative
STC	status constructus
STPR	status pronominalis
THMZ	thematizer/thematization
TOP	topic
TOPZ	topicalizer(/topicalization)
TR	transitive
(VOC	vocative)
VCJT	vocative adjunct

Examples

The following examples shall exemplify the suggestions in the article. Personal preferences of the authors may show the variety of possible adaptations.

New Kingdom Middle Egyptian (Daniel Werning)

Hieroglyphic text witness
Egyptological transkription	\|²	m=ṯn	=wj	Ꜥq<=j>	m=	tꜢ=	jmn-t
Glossing		ATTN=2PL	=1SG	go_in:IPFV[=1SG]	in=	land(M.SG).STC=	west-F.SG
Translation		I am entering the land of the west.


šzp	=wj	Ꜥ(w)-wj=ṯn	r=j
recieve:IMP	=1SG	arm-M:DU=2PL	to=1SG

Receive me! (Give) me your hands!


m=ṯn	=wj	<r>ḫ{r}-kw	s-t=ṯn	ḫnt-(ï)t	dwꜢ-t
ATTN=2PL	=1SG	get_to_know:RES-1SG	seat-F.SG=2PL	in_front-ADJZ.F	underworld-F.SG

I know your place in the underworld.

...


\|³	sḏm=ṯ\|⁴n	mdw-w=	(W)sr(w)
	hear:NMLZ.IPFV=2PL	word-M.PL.STC=	Osiris(M.SG)

You will hear the words of Osiris,


m=ḫt	=js	Ꜥp(j)-n=j	dwꜢ-t
in=following	=FOCZ	pass:NMLZ-ANT=1SG	underworld-F.SG

even after I have passed the underworld.

Book of Caverns, 1st Cav.; 13th cent. BCE [tomb of Ramesses VII; approx. 1130 BCE]
(A. Piankoff, Livre des Qererets, Cairo 1946: pl.III)

Late Egyptian (Camilla Di Biase-Dyson) [here j instead of Egyptological Yod | not included in Unicode]

Hieratic text witness

Hieroglyphic transliteration
Egyptological transkription	ḫr	(j)n	bn	jw=w	(r)	dj.t=s	n=k
Glossing	CORD	Q	NEG	FUT=3PL	[:FUT]	give:INF=3SG.F	PDAT=2SG.M
Translation	But will they not give it to you?


m.jr	jyj	r=	ptj	tꜢ	ḥr-yt	n=	pꜢ	ym
PROH	come:INF	PALL=	see:INF	ART:F.SG	terror-F	PGEN=	ART:M.SG	sea

Don’t come in order to see the terror of the sea.


wnn	jw=k	(ḥr=)	ptj	tꜢ	ḥr-yt	n=	pꜢ	ym
when	BS=2SG.M	[PSUP=]	see:INF	ART:F.SG	terror-F	PGEN=	ART:M.SG	sea

Whenever you see the terror of the sea,


jw=k	(r)	ptj	tꜢy=j	ḥꜤ-t=j
FUT=2SG.M	[:FUT]	see:INF	POSS:F.SG=1SG	body-F=1SG

you shall see my own.


yꜢ	bw.pw=j	jry	n=k
EXLM	NEG:did=1SG	do:INF	PDAT=2SG.M

Indeed, I have not done to you


pꜢ	jrj=w	(n=)	nꜢ	wp.wty-w	n=	ḪꜤj.m.wꜢs.t
ART:M.SG	do:REL.PFV	[PDAT=]	ART:PL	envoy-M.PL	PGEN=	Khaemwaset

that which they did (to) the envoys of Khaemwaset.

The Misfortunes of Wenamun; pMoscow 120, 2, 49; approx. 10th cent. BCE
(A.H. Gardiner, Late Egyptian Stories, p.72, l.2)

If the transliteration of Ancient Egyptian is not displayed correctly in your browser please install a Unicode font including U+A722 (Egyptological Alif) and U+A724 (Egyptological Ajin), e.g. Doulos SIL.

Daniel Werning, May 2010